ITI ONLINE NOTE

LUBRICANT-COOLANT-LUBRICATION i)- With the movement of two mating parts of the machine, heat is generated.  ii)- If it is not controlled the temperature may rise resulting in total damage of the mating parts.  iii)- Therefore a film of cooling medium with high viscocity is applied between the mating parts which is known as a ‘ lubricant ’. iv)- A ‘ lubricant ’ is a substance having an oily property is available.  v)- The property available in the form of fluid, semi-fluid, or solid state.  vi)- lubricant is the lifeblood of the machine. vii)- It is keeping the vital parts in perfect condition and prolonging the life of the machine.  viii)- It saves the machine and its parts from corrosion, wear and tear, and it minimizes friction. Purposes of using lubricants:- 1)- Reduces friction. 2)- Prevents wear. 3)- Prevents adhesion. 4)- Aids in distributing the load. 5)- Cools the moving elements. 6)- Prevents corrosion. 7)- Improves machine efficiency. Properties of lub...

INTRODUCTION OF FASTENERS i)- All big or small machines are made by joining different parts.  ii)- There are so many methods to assemble the machines parts with each other these are called fasteners.  iii)- The process by which these are assembled is called fastening.  iv)- There are three main methods of fastening: (a) Temporary fastening , (b) Semi-permanent fastening , (c) Permanent fastening (a) Temporary Fastening :  i)- This is a type of fastening by which different parts of machine can be opened or re-assembled without any damage.  ii)- In this neither job nor fastener is damaged like nut and bolt, key, screw and pin etc. (b) Semi-permanent Fastening:   i)- In this method there is no risk of damage to job but fastener is damaged.  ii)- This system is used where there is a chance of opening of the parts due to some reason, For example soldering and riveting etc is Semi-permanent Fastener. (c) Permanent Fastening:  i)- This is a such type ...

WORK-POWER-ENERGY 1. WORK i)- Work is said to be done by a force ii)- When its point of application moves in its own direction and is measured by the product of the force and the displacement of the force in its own direction. iii)- The work is measured by the product of the force applied and the distance through which the body is displaced. iv)- Applied force ‘F’ moves a body through a distance’s. Work done = Force Applied x Distance Moved. 2. UNITS OF WORK i)- Units of work are the combined units of force and displacement.  ii)- Force may be expressed in absolute as well as practical units. iii)- Absolute units of work are  joule . iv)- The S.I. unit of work is 1 joule which is the work done by a force of moving the body through a distance of 1 metre.  v)- Therefore joule = 1 N x 1 metre = 1 N.m( 1 joule) 1)- 1 dyne x 1 cm = 1 erg 2)- 1 newton x 1 metre= 1 joule 3)- 1 foot x 1 Pound = 1 foot Pound 4)- 1 gram x 1 cm = = 1 gram cm 5)- 1 kg x 1 metre = 1 kg metre 6)- ...

What is screw thread? i)- A screw thread is a rigid of uniform section formed helical on the surface of a cylindrical body. ii)- An external screw thread is formed on the outer surface of cylindrical part. for example:- Bolts, Screws, Studs, Threaded spindles etc. iii)- An internal screw thread is formed on the inner surface of a hollow cylindrical part. for example:- Nuts, Threaded lids etc. iv)- External thread and internal threads are assembled together for different engineering uses. Use of Screw Threw

Prevention of corrosion i)- Rusting is in its simplest form, allowing it to eat away from iron at a slow pace. ii)- Corrosion is similar to rust, but is used only to describe the corrosion of iron and its alloys. iii)- Corrosion is a chemical process in which iron reacts with oxygen in the presence of moisture or water to produce Ferris oxide and hydroxide (called corrosion). iv)- Rusting causes slow corrosion of iron and its alloys. This results in material weakening and eventual failure.

INTRODUCTION OF POWER TRANSMISSION:- i)- To start small or big machines some type of power is required like electric motor and engine etc.  ii)- This power produces a rotational energy and to transfer this rotational energy from one place to another place . iii)- It is a different accessories are required like pulleys, belts, chains and gears, etc. iv)- The process of transfer of energy from one place to another place or from one device to another device is known as power transmission.  v)- We know that energy can be produced by running electric motor, oil or steam engine etc.  vi)- With that energy a machine or shaft can be operated. vii)- In this system to move the shaft slow or fast different shape of small and big diameter pulleys or gears are fitted with this to pulley or gear. viii)- motor shaft is called driver pulley or prime mover. The pulley rotated by driver pulley with the help of rope or belt is called driven pulleys or follower.  ix)...

TAP i)- Tap are used for internal threading propose used.  ii)- They are made from high carbon steel or high speed steel. iii)- Threads are cut on the surface, and are accurately finished.

SPEED & VELOCITY REST:- i)- The body occupies the same position with respect to its surroundings at all moments. The body is said to be called at REST.  MOTION:- i)- The body it change its position with respect to its surroundings the body is said to be called at MOTION.   ii)- The body motion may be moves in a straight line or it may be circular when it moves in a curved path. 

SHEET METAL  i)- Sheet metal is any metal such as iron,steel,aluminium,copper,brass,tin plates etc. ii)- It can be easily rolled in to thin sheet. iii)- A wire gauge is used to measure the thickness of sheet.